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Gemstone Crystal System Density Hardness Refractive index Treatments
Ivory organic 1.85 2.25-2.75 1.54 dying, bleaching

Carved Ivory

Color:
White, with modifying yellow and brown

Durability::
Durable

Localities:
Africa


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Ivory

Ivory is an organic material. The term usually refers to elephant ivory which is the tusk of the elephant, but it can also refer to the bones or teeth of elephants, narwhals, walruses, hippopotami and cachalot whales. Although there are some beautiful and impressive pieces that have been carved in ivory, their beauty is overshadowed by the senseless and brutal killing necessary to acquire the material. There are many other minerals and vegetable products that will produce the same results. The sale of ivory is illegal in many places, as it should be. Poaching continues today, because there are countless ignorant idiots who still buy it.

The following books are my recommendations for further study.
They are some of the best available.
If you would like a larger selection, please visit the Book Shop.


Gemstones: Symbols of Beauty and Power
by Eduard J. Gubelin, Franz-Zaver Erni


The Curious Lore of Precious Stones:

by George Frederick Kunz


Gemstone Buying Guide: A Guide to Buying

by Renee Newman


Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification...
by Robert Webster, Peter G. Read (Editor)
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