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Gemstone Crystal System Density Hardness Refractive index Treatments
Garnet cubic 3.5 -4.2 6½ - 7½ 1.73-1.76
none

Various faceted garnets

Color:
Garnets will occur in many colors including red, purple, orange, yellow, green, brown. In general the colors by name will be pyrope: red, tsavorite:green, spessartite:orange, almandite:brownish/red. Blue is extremely rare. I've only seen it in color changing varieties.....twice.

Durability:
Extremely durable!

Locations:
Garnets are found world wide, but some varieties are unique to one area only. Tsavorite, for example is found only in the Tsavo Area of Kenya.

Garnet Group

Almandite
Andradite
Grossular
Pyrope
Rhodolite
Spessartite
Uvarovite
This gemstone is often confused with:

Peridot
Emerald
Tourmaline
Glass
Plastic

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Garnet Family

Garnet is a group of minerals, with similar chemical composition and a common crystal habit. The following are the 6 members of the garnet family:

Name Chemistry Colors and Varietal Names
Almandine Iron Aluminum Silicate deep wine red
Pyrope Magnesium Aluminum Silicate deep dead red
Grossular Calcium Aluminum Silicate Rosolite=pale orangish pink; Tsavorite=electric green; Transvaal Jade=massive green
Spessartite Manganese Aluminum Silicate orange red or brownish
Andradite Calcium Iron Silicate Demantoid=green; Melanite=black
Uvarovite Calcium Chromium Silicate green

When the chemical compositions of almandine and pyrope overlap, Malaya (orange-red) and Rhodolite (violet red) garnets are produced. The rarest color for a garnet to occur in is blue. I personally have only seen blue tones in color changing varieties.

. Garnet promotes honor, courage and nobility.


The following books are my recommendations for further study.
They are some of the best available.
If you would like a larger selection, please visit the Book Shop.


Gemstones: Symbols of Beauty and Power
by Eduard J. Gubelin, Franz-Zaver Erni


The Curious Lore of Precious Stones:

by George Frederick Kunz


Gemstone Buying Guide: A Guide to Buying

by Renee Newman


Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification...
by Robert Webster, Peter G. Read (Editor)
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